Andersen R
Am J Public Health. 1978 May;68(5):458-63. doi: 10.2105/ajph.68.5.458.
This paper examines the uses of some health status indices in measuring equity of access to medical care. Empirical examples are provided using data from national surveys of the U.S. population conducted from 1964 through 1976. A simple indicator, mean number of physician visits, suggests that between 1963 and 1976 the poor improved their position relative to the rest of the population and, indeed, currently enjoy the highest level of access. However, a second measure, the use-disability ratio indicates that the poor may still receive less care relative to their need. A third measure, the symptoms-response ratio suggests how norms of appropriate behavior might be incorporated into an access measure.
本文探讨了一些健康状况指标在衡量医疗服务可及性公平性方面的用途。利用1964年至1976年美国全国人口调查的数据给出了实证例子。一个简单的指标，即平均就诊次数表明，在1963年至1976年期间，穷人相对于其他人群改善了他们的状况，事实上，目前享有最高水平的可及性。然而，第二个指标，使用-残疾比率表明，穷人相对于他们的需求可能仍然获得较少的医疗服务。第三个指标，症状-反应比率表明了如何将适当行为规范纳入可及性衡量标准。
