Lech J J, Vodicnik M J
Natl Cancer Inst Monogr. 1984 May;65:355-8.
Evidence accumulated in recent years indicates that many species of fish possess most of the hepatic drug-metabolizing enzyme activities that have been demonstrated to exist in higher vertebrates. Although much of the early work with fish involved in vitro studies, it is now apparent that fish are capable of many phase I and II biotransformation reactions in vivo as well, but the rate and pathways for a given compound may vary widely among species of fish. In several instances, it has been demonstrated that the rate of biotransformation of certain compounds is appreciable. Biotransformation may be important in protecting fish from the toxic effects of certain chemicals by converting them to less biologically active chemicals. On the other hand, evidence is mounting that certain species of fish can react in such a way in vivo so as to produce active carcinogens from chemicals which are not themselves carcinogenic.
近年来积累的证据表明，许多鱼类物种具备大多数已证实在高等脊椎动物中存在的肝脏药物代谢酶活性。尽管早期对鱼类的许多研究涉及体外研究，但现在很明显，鱼类在体内也能够进行许多I相和II相生物转化反应，不过给定化合物的反应速率和途径在不同鱼类物种之间可能有很大差异。在一些情况下，已证明某些化合物的生物转化速率相当可观。生物转化通过将某些化学物质转化为生物活性较低的化学物质，在保护鱼类免受这些化学物质的毒性影响方面可能很重要。另一方面，越来越多的证据表明，某些鱼类物种在体内的反应方式可能会使本身不具有致癌性的化学物质产生活性致癌物。
