Fransson G B, Gebre-Medhin M, Hambraeus L
Acta Paediatr Scand. 1984 Jul;73(4):471-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.1984.tb09957.x.
The contents of iron, copper, zinc, calcium and magnesium were determined in human milk samples from 18 Ethiopian and 23 Swedish women. The Ethiopian women belonged to two groups with different socio-economic situations, a non-privileged and a privileged group. Both groups had an excessively high dietary iron intake--20 to 30 times that of the Swedish women--from the iron-rich traditional diet. In spite of this, the mean concentrations of iron in the milk, as well as of zinc and magnesium, were similar in all three groups. The mean copper concentration, however, was significantly lower in the Ethiopian than in the Swedish milk samples, the lowest mean value occurring in the privileged group. In contrast, a significantly higher mean calcium concentration was found in milk samples from the Ethiopian women than from the Swedish, the highest mean concentration being noted in the non-privileged group. The levels of minerals in breast milk showed no correlation to the birth weight of the infants or the length of gestation. Our data suggest that an excessively high dietary iron intake does not increase the breast milk content of iron in mothers with a good iron status. The reasons for the differences in the content of copper between the Ethiopian and Swedish milk samples are unclear. The higher calcium content in milk from the Ethiopian mothers, despite a low dietary calcium intake may be a result of an increased endogenous cholecalciferol synthesis due to greater exposure to sunshine.
对18名埃塞俄比亚女性和23名瑞典女性的母乳样本中的铁、铜、锌、钙和镁含量进行了测定。埃塞俄比亚女性分为两组，社会经济状况不同，一组是贫困组，另一组是特权组。两组从富含铁的传统饮食中摄入的铁都过高，是瑞典女性的20至30倍。尽管如此，三组母乳中铁、锌和镁的平均浓度相似。然而，埃塞俄比亚母乳样本中的平均铜浓度显著低于瑞典的，特权组的平均铜浓度最低。相比之下，埃塞俄比亚女性母乳样本中的平均钙浓度显著高于瑞典女性的，非特权组的平均钙浓度最高。母乳中的矿物质水平与婴儿出生体重或妊娠期长短无关。我们的数据表明，饮食中铁摄入量过高并不会增加铁营养状况良好的母亲母乳中的铁含量。埃塞俄比亚和瑞典母乳样本中铜含量存在差异的原因尚不清楚。埃塞俄比亚母亲的母乳中钙含量较高，尽管饮食中钙摄入量较低，这可能是由于更多地暴露于阳光下导致内源性胆钙化醇合成增加的结果。
