Marquardt J, Reuther P
Anaesthesist. 1984 May;33(5):207-11.
Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune-disorder and clinically characterised by weakness of voluntary muscles including respiratory and pharyngeal muscles. As myasthenia gravis is a rare disease surgeons and anesthesiologists are only seldomly confronted with patients suffering from this disease. However, the application of narcotics or of other drugs may lead to the manifestation of a subclinical form of myasthenia gravis or provoke a critical exacerbation of the patient's condition with severe respiratory and bulbar dysfunction. This paper describes guidelines for the use of narcotic drugs or other pharmacotherapy in myasthenia gravis patients. On the other hand this paper gives information about the intensive care and management of patients suffering from myasthenic of cholinergic crisis, which is known to be a lifethreatening emergency. Finally, the paper describes shortly the long-term treatment with immunosuppressive or immunoregulatory measures.
重症肌无力是一种自身免疫性疾病，临床特征为包括呼吸肌和咽肌在内的随意肌无力。由于重症肌无力是一种罕见疾病，外科医生和麻醉医生很少遇到患有这种疾病的患者。然而，使用麻醉药或其他药物可能会导致重症肌无力亚临床形式的表现，或引发患者病情的严重恶化，出现严重的呼吸和延髓功能障碍。本文描述了重症肌无力患者使用麻醉药或其他药物治疗的指南。另一方面，本文提供了有关胆碱能危象型重症肌无力患者重症监护和管理的信息，胆碱能危象已知是一种危及生命的紧急情况。最后，本文简要描述了免疫抑制或免疫调节措施的长期治疗。
