Shimo-Oku M, Miyazaki S
Jpn J Ophthalmol. 1984;28(2):159-70.
Criteria for diagnosis of acute ischemic optic neuropathy (acute ION) were proposed: acute ION was divided into two groups, ie, acute anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (acute AION) and acute posterior ischemic optic neuropathy (acute PION). Acute AION is characterized by pale or sometimes hyperemic papilledema in the early stage, followed by postneuritic optic atrophy. In contrast, acute PION shows normal optic disk in the early stage followed by development of simple optic atrophy. We analyzed 31 eyes of 24 cases with acute AION and 20 eyes of 18 cases with acute PION. The diagnostic criteria and clinical findings in both types were compared. Through analyses of the etiological factors, acute PION was thought to be acute retrobulbar optic neuritis caused by ischemic changes in the optic nerve. Laboratory examinations of serum lipids, hemostatic and fibrinolytic activities in cases of acute ION did not reveal significant differences from the findings in cases with retinal vein occlusion and diabetic retinopathy. In the early stage of acute ION, steroid therapy gave rise to some improvement of the visual function but showed no effect in the late stage of the disease.
提出了急性缺血性视神经病变（急性ION）的诊断标准：急性ION分为两组，即急性前部缺血性视神经病变（急性AION）和急性后部缺血性视神经病变（急性PION）。急性AION的特征是早期视乳头苍白或有时充血水肿，随后出现神经节后性视神经萎缩。相比之下，急性PION早期视盘正常，随后发展为单纯性视神经萎缩。我们分析了24例急性AION患者的31只眼和18例急性PION患者的20只眼。比较了两种类型的诊断标准和临床表现。通过对病因的分析，急性PION被认为是由视神经缺血性改变引起的急性球后视神经炎。急性ION患者的血脂、止血和纤溶活性实验室检查结果与视网膜静脉阻塞和糖尿病视网膜病变患者的检查结果无显著差异。在急性ION的早期，类固醇治疗可使视功能有所改善，但在疾病后期则无效。
