Sawyer C H, Radford H M
Brain Res. 1978 May 5;146(1):83-93. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(78)90219-6.
In estrous estrogen-primed female rabbits with electrodes chronically implanted in various subcortical regions of the brain, the intraventricular injection of an ovulation-inducing dose of norepinephrine (NE) stimulated a prolonged episode of high amplitude 40-60 cps electroencephalographic (EEG) activity in the olfactory bulb (OB) and its projections. This activity, which started usually between 30 and 60 min after NE injection and was maintained continously for periods up to an hour thereafter, was regularly absent in the same rabbits when they were pseudopregnant and non-ovulatory to NE. Similar OB-EEG activity and ovulation had been observed earlier in response to intraventricular histamine under light pentobarbital anesthesia. The ovulatory response to histamine was eliminated by massive midbrain lesions or removal of the olfactory bulb, but intraventricular NE still induced ovulation after such losses. The ovulatory effectiveness of NE was blocked, however, by low doses of pentobarbital or high doses of atropine, neither of which inhibited the ovulatory response to intraventricular epinephrine. Atropine and alpha-adrenergic blocking agents also prevented the ovulatory response to intraventricular histamine. It is suggested that histamine activates pituitary-ovarian function by stimulating central noradrenergic elements and that NE has more of the physiological-pharmacological characteristics of a natural central nervous activator of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone than has epinephrine.
在脑的各个皮层下区域长期植入电极的经雌激素预处理的发情期雌性兔中，脑室内注射诱发排卵剂量的去甲肾上腺素（NE）可刺激嗅球（OB）及其投射区域出现持续时间较长的高振幅40 - 60赫兹脑电图（EEG）活动。这种活动通常在注射NE后30至60分钟开始，此后持续长达一小时，而在假孕且对NE无排卵反应的同一只兔子中则通常不会出现。早期在轻度戊巴比妥麻醉下，对脑室内注射组胺的反应中也观察到了类似的OB - EEG活动和排卵现象。对组胺的排卵反应可通过大量中脑损伤或切除嗅球消除，但在出现此类损伤后，脑室内注射NE仍可诱导排卵。然而，低剂量的戊巴比妥或高剂量的阿托品可阻断NE的排卵作用，而这两种药物均不抑制对脑室内肾上腺素的排卵反应。阿托品和α - 肾上腺素能阻断剂也可防止对脑室内组胺的排卵反应。研究表明，组胺通过刺激中枢去甲肾上腺素能神经元来激活垂体 - 卵巢功能，并且与肾上腺素相比，NE具有更多作为促黄体生成素释放激素天然中枢神经激活剂的生理药理学特征。
