[Carotid stenosis: early detection].

Ultrasound techniques are currently the most reliable and precise methods for noninvasive detection of extracranial carotid artery disease. Continuous-wave-Doppler, associated with spectrum analysis, and high resolution realtime B-mode sonography are complementary. This is demonstrated by correlating ultrasound examinations and angiographies in 112 internal carotids. The value of B-mode sonography for the detection of atheromatous plaques is emphasized, this technique being superior even to angiography. The indications for ultrasound techniques are reviewed. They render possible prevention of cerebral vascular diseases due to extracranial carotid stenoses, and study of the natural history of atheromatous plaques.