Dearden L C, Mosier H D, Thai C, Brundage M
Basic Appl Histochem. 1984;28(2):117-36.
Long-Evans rats were exposed to a single dose of head X-irradiation (600 rads) at 2 days of age. Experimental and sham irradiated rats were sacrificed at 14, 20-21, 23, 41-45, and 70-71 days. Tibial epiphyseal width and the number of cells in the epiphyseal plate were determined. Histochemical and electron microscopic studies were carried out on both costal and epiphyseal cartilage. Histochemical techniques revealed a reduction in chondroitin sulfate at 14 days in both costal and epiphyseal cartilage of X-irradiated rats. Epiphyseal cartilage demonstrated recovery subsequently, and this was followed by a normal decrease of chondroitin sulfate with increasing age, but costal cartilage did not recover. Collagen synthesis was also reduced in both costal and epiphyseal cartilage, but not as dramatically as chondroitin sulfate. Except for some electron dense cells and reduced scalloping of the cell membrane, costal chondrocytes from irradiated rats did not show major ultrastructural alterations. In contrast, epiphyseal chondrocytes demonstrated radiation induced alterations in organelles, in enhanced glycogen deposition, and in retardation of chondrocyte maturation. Extracellularly in both costal and epiphyseal cartilage of irradiated rats, collagen density and matrix granules were reduced, while calcification of the matrix was enhanced. Beyond 45 days, the effects of irradiation were markedly reduced. Comparisons of the histochemical results with metabolic studies carried out previously in cartilage from the same animals indicated a more direct concordance of the histochemical results with the pattern of physical growth and supported the usefulness of morphologic and histochemical techniques in the analysis of the growth disorder in the head-irradiated rat.
将Long-Evans大鼠在2日龄时接受单次头部X射线照射（600拉德）。实验照射组和假照射组大鼠分别在14、20 - 21、23、41 - 45和70 - 71日龄时处死。测定胫骨骨骺宽度和骨骺板中的细胞数量。对肋软骨和骨骺软骨进行了组织化学和电子显微镜研究。组织化学技术显示，在照射后14天，照射组大鼠的肋软骨和骨骺软骨中的硫酸软骨素均减少。随后骨骺软骨表现出恢复，接着硫酸软骨素随着年龄增长正常减少，但肋软骨未恢复。肋软骨和骨骺软骨中的胶原蛋白合成也减少，但不如硫酸软骨素减少明显。除了一些电子致密细胞和细胞膜扇贝样改变减少外，照射组大鼠的肋软骨细胞未显示出主要的超微结构改变。相比之下，骨骺软骨细胞表现出辐射诱导的细胞器改变、糖原沉积增加和软骨细胞成熟延迟。在照射组大鼠的肋软骨和骨骺软骨的细胞外，胶原蛋白密度和基质颗粒减少，而基质钙化增强。45天以后，辐射效应明显降低。将组织化学结果与先前对同一动物软骨进行的代谢研究结果进行比较表明，组织化学结果与身体生长模式更直接一致，并支持形态学和组织化学技术在分析头部照射大鼠生长紊乱中的有用性。
