Horak F B, Anderson M E
J Neurophysiol. 1984 Aug;52(2):290-304. doi: 10.1152/jn.1984.52.2.290.
The role of basal ganglia output via the globus pallidus (GP) was examined in monkeys trained to make rapid arm-reaching movements to a visual target in a reaction-time task. When neurons in the globus pallidus were destroyed by injection of kainic acid (KA) during task execution, contralateral arm movement times (MT) were increased significantly, with little or no change in reaction times (RT). The slowed movements were associated with a generalized depression in the amplitude and rate of rise of electromyographic (EMG) activity in all the contralateral muscles studied at the wrist, elbow, shoulder, and back, but there was no change in the sequential activation of these muscles. The most profound and persistent increases in movement time occurred when neurons were destroyed in the ventrolateral and caudal aspects of the internal as well as external pallidal segment. These results suggest a role for globus pallidus output in scaling the magnitude and/or buildup of EMG activity without affecting the initiation or the sequential organization of the programmed motor output.
在一项反应时间任务中，对经过训练能快速伸手够向视觉目标的猴子，研究了通过苍白球（GP）的基底神经节输出的作用。在任务执行过程中，当通过注射 kainic 酸（KA）破坏苍白球中的神经元时，对侧手臂的运动时间（MT）显著增加，而反应时间（RT）几乎没有变化或没有变化。运动减慢与所研究的手腕、肘部、肩部和背部所有对侧肌肉的肌电图（EMG）活动的幅度和上升速率普遍降低有关，但这些肌肉的顺序激活没有变化。当内苍白球段和外苍白球段的腹外侧和尾侧部分的神经元被破坏时，运动时间出现最显著和持续的增加。这些结果表明，苍白球输出在调节肌电图活动的幅度和/或增强方面发挥作用，而不影响程序化运动输出的启动或顺序组织。
