Dietz R, Schömig A, Kusterer K, Dart A M, Kübler W
Klin Wochenschr. 1984;62 Suppl 2:11-7.
In this study we correlated the effects of cigarette smoking on the activity of vasopressor systems in humans with changes in heart rate and blood pressure and compared them with changes observed after physical exercise or graded norepinephrine infusion. No relationship was established between changes in either plasma angiotensin II or vasopressin concentration and the hemodynamic parameters, although there was a small increase in both hormones during smoking. In contrast, heart rate (r = -0.245, p less than 0.01, n = 136) was negatively related to plasma norepinephrine concentration during the smoking of five cigarettes. A comparable, negative correlation, although much closer, was found during graded norepinephrine infusion between heart rate and norepinephrine concentration (r = -0.682, p less than 0.001), whereas both parameters were positively related under conditions of physical exercise (r = 0.866, p less than 0.001). In an attempt to block the assumed nicotine-induced sympathetic stimulation, smoking experiments were carried out after acute beta blockade (200 mg metoprolol orally). There was a parallel shift of heart rate and blood pressure to lower values. However, beta blockade did not abolish the smoking-induced rise in blood pressure and heart rate. At the present time no direct evidence is available for a nicotine-induced increase of norepinephrine concentration at postsynaptic receptors during smoking in humans.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
在本研究中，我们将吸烟对人体血管升压系统活性的影响与心率和血压的变化进行关联，并将其与体育锻炼或去甲肾上腺素分级输注后观察到的变化进行比较。虽然吸烟期间两种激素均有小幅升高，但血浆血管紧张素II或加压素浓度的变化与血流动力学参数之间未建立相关性。相比之下，在吸五支烟的过程中，心率（r = -0.245，p < 0.01，n = 136）与血浆去甲肾上腺素浓度呈负相关。在去甲肾上腺素分级输注过程中，心率与去甲肾上腺素浓度之间也发现了类似的负相关，尽管相关性更强（r = -0.682，p < 0.001），而在体育锻炼条件下，这两个参数呈正相关（r = 0.866，p < 0.001）。为了阻断假定的尼古丁诱导的交感神经刺激，在急性β受体阻滞剂（口服200 mg美托洛尔）后进行了吸烟实验。心率和血压平行下降。然而，β受体阻滞剂并未消除吸烟引起的血压和心率升高。目前尚无直接证据表明人类吸烟期间尼古丁会导致突触后受体处去甲肾上腺素浓度增加。（摘要截短至250字）
