Kamhi A G, Catts H W, Davis M K
J Speech Hear Res. 1984 Sep;27(3):329-38. doi: 10.1044/jshr.2703.329.
This study examined the effects of variations in language complexity on young children's phonological accuracy and consistency of target words. A more general intent was to understand better the way in which developmental level and children's tolerance of speech variability influenced the management of processing demands. Seven children aged 22-34 months were seen six times over a 4-month period. During these sessions, children were presented with an elicited imitation task consisting of 18 stimulus words, each of which occurred in eight sentences of varying language complexity. Younger children in Language Stage III were found to be more influenced by changes in language complexity than older children in Language Stages IV and V. Within-stage differences were also found. Moreover, in contrast to previous research, children showed as many improvements in phonological accuracy with increases in language complexity as they did decreases in phonological accuracy. It was suggested that between-stage differences were primarily caused by differences in developing speech, language, and cognitive abilities, whereas within-stage differences were primarily caused by differences in the extent to which children tolerated variability in their speech. Based on this contention, some speculations were offered concerning the way in which normal and disordered children manage processing demands.
本研究考察了语言复杂性变化对幼儿目标语音准确性和一致性的影响。一个更普遍的目的是更好地理解发展水平和儿童对语音变异性的容忍度影响处理需求管理的方式。七名年龄在22至34个月之间的儿童在4个月内接受了6次观察。在这些观察期间，儿童接受了一项诱发模仿任务，该任务由18个刺激词组成，每个刺激词出现在八个语言复杂性不同的句子中。研究发现，处于语言发展第三阶段的幼儿比处于语言发展第四和第五阶段的大龄儿童更容易受到语言复杂性变化的影响。阶段内差异也被发现。此外，与之前的研究相反，随着语言复杂性的增加，儿童在语音准确性方面的提高与语音准确性的降低一样多。研究表明，阶段间差异主要是由言语、语言和认知能力发展的差异引起的，而阶段内差异主要是由儿童容忍其语音变异性的程度差异引起的。基于这一论点，针对正常儿童和有语言障碍的儿童管理处理需求的方式提出了一些推测。
