Pratzel H, Dirnagl K, Drexel H
Nuklearmedizin. 1984 Aug;23(4):197-200.
Insight into the mechanisms of contamination is a necessary prerequisite for efficient and meaningful decontamination. The incorporation of anorganic ions into human skin has been studied with aqueous solutions of radionuclides. Within 30 min of wetting about 1 microliter fluid per cm2 skin area penetrates into the capillary spaces of the horny layer, promoted by surface-active properties of the sebaceous lipids. Adsorption onto horny layer constituents is especially important for polyvalent cations. In general it is dependent on pH and on the ionic charge. For all substances in aqueous solution the structure of the horny layer causes a nearly exponential decay of concentration with depth of penetration (about 100:1 across the horny layer at 1 mg keratin/cm2 skin area). This is the reason for the very low penetration rates. The results may be used to establish some rules for skin decontamination.
深入了解污染机制是进行有效且有意义的去污的必要前提。已使用放射性核素水溶液研究了无机离子在人体皮肤中的掺入情况。每平方厘米皮肤面积约1微升液体在湿润30分钟内会渗透到角质层的毛细血管空间中，这是由皮脂的表面活性特性促进的。对于多价阳离子而言，吸附到角质层成分上尤为重要。一般来说，这取决于pH值和离子电荷。对于水溶液中的所有物质，角质层的结构会导致浓度随渗透深度呈近似指数衰减（在每平方厘米皮肤面积含1毫克角蛋白的情况下，整个角质层的浓度衰减约为100:1）。这就是渗透率极低的原因。这些结果可用于制定一些皮肤去污规则。
