Rautiainen M, Collan Y, Nuutinen J, Kärjä J
Ultrastruct Pathol. 1984;6(4):331-9. doi: 10.3109/01913128409018591.
Ultrastructure of human respiratory cilia was studied in ultrathin serial sections and in random fields of sections. The apex of the cilium had dense gray material under the plasma membrane, where the "central" pair of tubules (often slightly eccentrically placed) and the single peripheral tubules ended. Thereafter the cilium thickened gradually about 1 micron below the apex and after that remained reasonably constant. At about 0.5 micron below the apex was a transformation zone (0.1 micron long), where both double and single peripheral tubules were seen. Dynein arms were not seen in the transformation zone but occurred approximately 0.1 micron below it. In a cilium, one peripheral double tubule was absent in the transformation zone but was seen about 0.2 micron below. This resulted in an artificial 8 + 2 pattern in a few sections. In cross sections at levels with peripheral double tubules the mean of the minor axes of the cilia was 0.198 +/- 0.009 micron (+/- SD) calculated from the serial sections of one patient. In 20 patients the variation was greater and the mean was higher: 0.210 +/- 0.042 micron (+/- SD).
通过超薄连续切片和切片随机视野对人类呼吸道纤毛的超微结构进行了研究。纤毛顶端的质膜下有致密的灰色物质，“中央”一对微管（常略偏心放置）和单个外周微管在此处终止。此后，纤毛在顶端下方约1微米处逐渐变粗，之后保持相对恒定。在顶端下方约0.5微米处有一个转化区（长0.1微米），在此处可见双外周微管和单外周微管。在转化区内未见动力蛋白臂，但在其下方约0.1微米处出现。在一根纤毛中，转化区内有一根外周双微管缺失，但在其下方约0.2微米处可见。这在一些切片中导致了人为的9+2模式。在有外周双微管的水平处的横切面上，根据一名患者的连续切片计算，纤毛短轴的平均值为0.198±0.009微米（±标准差）。在20名患者中，变异更大，平均值更高：0.210±0.042微米（±标准差）。
