Payne J K, Horn G, Brown M W
Behav Brain Res. 1984 Aug;13(2):163-72. doi: 10.1016/0166-4328(84)90146-3.
The effects of visual experience on neuronal responsiveness in the hyperstriatum accessorium, a visual projection area, were investigated in 4 groups of domestic chicks, each comprising dark-reared (total = 44) and visually experienced (total = 34) birds. Visually experienced birds were placed singly in running wheels facing a flashing red light for 3 h; wheel revolutions were used as a measure of the chicks' locomotor activity. At approximately equal to 48 h after hatching each chick was anaesthetized and a microelectrode advanced in 250 micron steps through the left Wulst. After each step the responsiveness of units to diffuse retinal illumination (light flashes) was tested. Each recording site at which responses greater than or equal to 5 successive flashes could be evoked was classified as a response site. In some chicks at least one site responding briskly to greater than or equal to 15 successive flashes was found deep to the hyperstriatum accessorium. The zone of markedly increased responsiveness is referred to as the visually responsive lamina. The effect of visual experience on the response of units in the hyperstriatum accessorium varied between the groups of chicks. Visual experience did not significantly effect neuronal responsiveness in this region for chicks without a visually responsive lamina. For chicks with a lamina there was an effect of visual experience, but the effect again varied between groups. When data from inactive, visually experienced chicks were excluded, the group-to-group variation ceased to be significant. Thus visual experience alone was not adequate consistently to bring about long-term changes in the responsiveness of neurones in the hyperstriatum accessorium. Such experience was likely to increase neuronal responsiveness provided the chicks: were behaviourally active; and possessed a visually responsive lamina.
在4组家鸡中研究了视觉经验对视觉投射区——上纹状体副核中神经元反应性的影响，每组包括黑暗饲养的鸡（共44只）和有视觉经验的鸡（共34只）。有视觉经验的鸡被单独放置在面对闪烁红灯的跑轮中3小时；跑轮的转动被用作衡量小鸡运动活动的指标。在孵化后约48小时，每只小鸡被麻醉，一根微电极以250微米的步长穿过左丘脑枕。每前进一步，就测试各单位对弥漫性视网膜光照（闪光）的反应性。每个能诱发大于或等于5次连续闪光反应的记录位点被归类为反应位点。在一些小鸡中，发现在上纹状体副核深处至少有一个位点对大于或等于15次连续闪光有快速反应。反应性明显增加的区域被称为视觉反应层。视觉经验对小鸡组上纹状体副核中单位反应的影响各不相同。对于没有视觉反应层的小鸡，视觉经验对该区域神经元反应性没有显著影响。对于有反应层的小鸡，存在视觉经验的影响，但各小组之间的影响也有所不同。当排除不活动的、有视觉经验的小鸡的数据后，组间差异不再显著。因此，仅视觉经验不足以持续引起上纹状体副核中神经元反应性的长期变化。如果小鸡：行为活跃；并且拥有视觉反应层，这种经验可能会增加神经元的反应性。
