In recent years, physicians have become more concerned about the prevention of childhood accidents. Developed to help physicians teach parents how to avoid unintentional injury, The Injury Prevention Program (TIPP) is significant because anticipatory guidance has now been recognized as being as much a part of routine health supervision as the history and physical examination. The American Academy of Pediatrics' policy statement enclosed with each TIPP package states five goals that deal with major causes of childhood mortality; three can be achieved with a single purchase or action--buying a smoke alarm, buying a bottle of ipecac, and turning down hot water temperature. TIPP comprises three elements: A parent questionnaire (the Framingham safety survey) is used to identify at-risk behavior. Safety sheets to be handed out at the next visit reinforce the information provided by the physician in his or her discussion of the questionnaire results. A model counseling schedule suggests how to incorporate the questionnaire and safety sheets into an effective office program. By gradually phasing TIPP into an office practice, physicians can become familiar with TIPP materials and integrate it in a controlled manner. The AAP Committee on Accident and Poison Prevention is studying measures to increase the usefulness of TIPP.
近年来,医生们越来越关注儿童意外事故的预防。为帮助医生教导家长如何避免意外伤害而制定的“伤害预防计划”(TIPP)意义重大,因为预期指导如今已被视为常规健康监护的一部分,与病史和体格检查同等重要。随每个TIPP包附上的美国儿科学会政策声明列出了应对儿童死亡主要原因的五个目标;其中三个目标可通过一次购买或行动实现——购买烟雾报警器、购买一瓶吐根糖浆以及调低热水温度。TIPP包含三个要素:一份家长调查问卷(弗雷明汉姆安全调查)用于识别危险行为。下次就诊时发放的安全资料页强化了医生在讨论调查问卷结果时提供的信息。一份示范咨询时间表建议如何将调查问卷和安全资料页纳入有效的门诊计划。通过逐步将TIPP引入门诊实践,医生可以熟悉TIPP材料并以可控方式将其整合进来。美国儿科学会事故与中毒预防委员会正在研究提高TIPP实用性的措施。