Hoppin F G, Green M, Morgan M S
J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1978 May;44(5):728-37. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1978.44.5.728.
We could not reconcile reported relationships between lung resistance measurements and lung volume with bronchographic and anatomic studies showing that airway diameters change monotonically with lung volume and that small airways change diameter proportionately at least as much as large ones. Accordingly we measured central and peripheral airways resistances with a new technique. The relevant pressures were measured with a tracheal cannula, a wedged retrograde catheter, and two parenchymal needles in seven open-chested dogs while pleural pressure was oscillated at 1 Hz. In contrast to previous studies, the volume dependency of peripheral resistance was at least as great as that of central resistance with vagi intact, the volume dependencies of central and peripheral resistances were not abolished by vagotomy, and neither resistance increased systematically at high volumes. Volume dependency of central resistance resembled predictions for isotropic expansion of airways with vagi cut but increased with bronchomotor tone. These results fit generally with bronchographic data. Previous studies may have been affected by volume dependency due to "tissue resistance" and catheter phase lags.
我们无法使肺阻力测量值与肺容积之间已报道的关系，与支气管造影及解剖学研究结果相协调，这些研究表明气道直径随肺容积单调变化，且小气道直径变化的比例至少与大气道相同。因此，我们用一种新技术测量了中央气道和外周气道阻力。在七只开胸犬中，通过气管插管、楔入式逆行导管和两根实质内针测量相关压力，同时以1赫兹的频率振荡胸膜压力。与先前的研究不同，在外周阻力的容积依赖性方面，完整迷走神经时至少与中央阻力一样大；切断迷走神经后，中央和外周阻力的容积依赖性并未消除；在高肺容积时，两种阻力均未系统性增加。中央阻力的容积依赖性在切断迷走神经后类似于气道各向同性扩张的预测，但随支气管运动张力增加。这些结果总体上与支气管造影数据相符。先前的研究可能受到了由于“组织阻力”和导管相位滞后导致的容积依赖性的影响。
