Taylor S E, Lichtman R R, Wood J V, Bluming A Z, Dosik G M, Leibowitz R L
Cancer. 1984 Dec 1;54(11):2528-32. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19841201)54:11<2528::aid-cncr2820541136>3.0.co;2-u.
The practice of breast self-examination (BSE) was explored by personal interview in a sample of women with diagnosed breast cancer. Despite physician recommendations to practice BSE, only 43% of those interviewed were examining themselves regularly, a figure that is little different from that of the general population. Predictors of BSE were age (older women were less likely to practice) and practice of BSE before diagnosis. Factors contributing to nonpractice were judged to be: (1) the patients' beliefs that occasional examinations by physicians are a sufficient substitute for BSE; (2) the patients' perceptions that BSE is discretionary and not truly "medical"; and (3) the fact that BSE may raise patients' anxiety over cancer without affecting its likelihood. It was concluded that the practice of BSE among diagnosed patients could be increased if physicians stress its importance and provide systematic instruction or reinstruction in its practice.
通过对确诊为乳腺癌的女性样本进行个人访谈，对乳房自我检查（BSE）的实施情况进行了探究。尽管医生建议进行BSE，但在接受访谈的女性中，只有43%的人定期进行自我检查，这一数字与普通人群的数字几乎没有差别。BSE的预测因素是年龄（年龄较大的女性进行BSE的可能性较小）以及诊断前是否进行过BSE。导致不进行BSE的因素被认为有：（1）患者认为医生偶尔的检查足以替代BSE；（2）患者认为BSE是可自由选择的，并非真正的“医疗行为”；（3）BSE可能会增加患者对癌症的焦虑，而又不影响患癌可能性这一事实。研究得出结论，如果医生强调BSE的重要性，并提供系统的指导或再指导，那么确诊患者中进行BSE的比例可能会增加。
