Schafer M E, Goldwasser M S
Clin Plast Surg. 1984 Oct;11(4):761-71.
Generally the evolution of cleft lip repair has included a transition from those methods with primary emphasis on the skin design with intricate flaps, going to further elaborations of carefully designed skin and muscle units but with minimal muscle dissection or intentional reorientation, on to those with greater emphasis on extensive muscle dissection with specific realignment of the orbicularis oris muscle. These latter methods assign to the skin a more complementary role in the plan of correction. This article joins others in which it is now felt that extended dissection and surgical reorientation should be done to include associated involved muscles of the lip, nose, and medial face. In particular, attention to the details of muscle repair as completely as possible, extending to the entire oro-naso-facial complex, seems pertinent in the matter of secondary correction of cleft lip deformities. A review of the anatomy involved, certain surgical philosophy, and examples of illustrated cases are included in this article.
一般来说，唇裂修复的发展历程包括从最初主要强调复杂皮瓣的皮肤设计方法，发展到精心设计皮肤和肌肉单位但肌肉解剖最少或无故意重新定向的进一步改进方法，再到更强调广泛肌肉解剖以及口轮匝肌特定重新排列的方法。后一种方法在矫正方案中赋予皮肤更辅助的作用。本文与其他文章观点一致，即现在认为应进行广泛解剖和手术重新定向，以纳入唇、鼻和面部内侧的相关受累肌肉。特别是，在唇裂畸形的二期矫正中，尽可能全面地关注肌肉修复细节，延伸至整个口鼻腔面部复合体，似乎是很有必要的。本文包括对相关解剖结构、某些手术理念以及实例病例的综述。
