Porter C J, Gillette P C, Mullins C E, McNamara D G
J Pediatr. 1978 Jul;93(1):97-101. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(78)80614-3.
This study evaluated three methods of catheter entry for cardiac catheterization in neonates less than one week of age. Eighty-five neonates underwent venous catheterization through the umbilical vein, 77 by saphenous or femoral cutdown, and 31 by femoral percutaneous entry. Of these 194 neonates, 128 also had an aortic catheter introduced via the umbilical artery. Umbilical vein catheterizations took an average of 115 minutes, 30 minutes shorter than either of the other techniques. Fatal complications following catheterization occurred in 10 of the 194 neonates (5%) three of these were related to catheterization technique. Diagnostic cardiac catheterization and balloon atrial septostomy may be performed most quickly by way of the umbilical vessels. Percutaneous entry of the femoral vein in this series carried the lowest complication rate; cutdown entry resulted in the highest complication rate.
本研究评估了年龄小于1周的新生儿心脏导管插入术的三种导管进入方法。85例新生儿通过脐静脉进行静脉导管插入术，77例通过大隐静脉或股静脉切开术，31例通过股动脉经皮穿刺进入。在这194例新生儿中，128例还通过脐动脉插入了主动脉导管。脐静脉导管插入术平均耗时115分钟，比其他任何一种技术都短30分钟。194例新生儿中有10例（5%）在导管插入术后发生致命并发症，其中3例与导管插入技术有关。通过脐血管进行诊断性心脏导管插入术和球囊房间隔造口术可能最快。在本系列中，股静脉经皮穿刺的并发症发生率最低；切开术的并发症发生率最高。
