Hill J O, Davis J R, Tagliaferro A R, Stewart J
Physiol Behav. 1984 Aug;33(2):321-8. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(84)90119-7.
Food intake, body weight, body composition, resting metabolic rate (RMR) and the thermic effect of food (TEF) were measured in young rats, some of which were fed a high energy (HE) diet and some of which were forced to swim daily. In general, high energy feeding as compared to chow feeding, resulted in higher food intake, higher body weight, higher body fat, and a slightly lower TEF. In many cases, however, the specific effects varied with the age and sex of the animals. Animals forced to swim weighed less; were leaner; and had higher RMR and TEF than sedentary animals. The effects of exercise on energy balance were greatest in males, while the effects of the high energy diet on energy balance were greatest in females. All HE-fed rats were switched to lab chow at 104 days of age. Body weights of sedentary HE-fed rats returned to control levels but those of exercised HE-fed rats did not. Both HE-fed groups remained fatter than chow-fed controls, even two months after the diet switch.
对幼鼠的食物摄入量、体重、身体成分、静息代谢率（RMR）和食物热效应（TEF）进行了测量，其中一些幼鼠喂食高能量（HE）饮食，另一些则每天被迫游泳。一般来说，与喂食普通食物相比，高能量喂食导致更高的食物摄入量、更高的体重、更高的体脂以及略低的TEF。然而，在许多情况下，具体影响因动物的年龄和性别而异。被迫游泳的动物体重较轻；更瘦；并且比久坐不动的动物具有更高的RMR和TEF。运动对能量平衡的影响在雄性中最大，而高能量饮食对能量平衡的影响在雌性中最大。所有喂食HE的大鼠在104日龄时改为喂食实验室普通食物。久坐不动的喂食HE的大鼠体重恢复到对照水平，但运动的喂食HE的大鼠体重没有恢复。即使在饮食转换两个月后，两个喂食HE的组仍然比喂食普通食物的对照组更胖。
