Román Piñana J M, Vidal Palacios C, Martí Mauri D, Dueñas Hernández F, Serra Trespalle S, Cuesta Gimeno M, Hernández Peinado C
An Esp Pediatr. 1984 Sep 15;21(3):229-37.
Clinical records of 181 children, aged between one month and seven years, admitted in a four year period, from 1978 through 1982, with the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis are revised. Peak incidence occurred in the age group between six months and three years, and during the months of January to May. N. meningitidis (35%), pneumococcus (4.9%) and H. influenzae (2.7%) were the most frequently isolated bacteria. CSF culture was negative in 56% of the children. All of them had previously taken antibiotics. Complications were present in 6.4%, with highest incidence in the known-agent group, on the following order: septic shock, 11%, seizures, 6.6%, and subdural effusion, 2.2%. Permanent sequelae were present in 3.8%, being deafness predominant. Twelve (6.3%) out of the 181 died, and death was result of fulminant meningococcal sepsis with endotoxic shock in ten of these patients. Clinical and psychological followed-up of twenty-nine children with isolated causal agent, were compared with a control group, finding no statistically-significant difference.
对1978年至1982年这四年间收治的181例年龄在1个月至7岁之间、诊断为细菌性脑膜炎的儿童临床记录进行了回顾。发病高峰出现在6个月至3岁年龄组，以及1月至5月期间。脑膜炎奈瑟菌（35%）、肺炎球菌（4.9%）和流感嗜血杆菌（2.7%）是最常分离出的细菌。56%的儿童脑脊液培养为阴性。他们此前均使用过抗生素。并发症发生率为6.4%，在已知病原体组中发生率最高，依次为：感染性休克11%、癫痫发作6.6%、硬膜下积液2.2%。永久性后遗症发生率为3.8%，以耳聋为主。181例中有12例（6.3%）死亡，其中10例死于暴发性脑膜炎球菌败血症伴内毒素休克。对29例病原体单一的儿童进行了临床和心理随访，并与对照组进行比较，未发现统计学上的显著差异。
