von Hodenberg E, Khoo J C, Jensen D, Witztum J L, Steinberg D
Arteriosclerosis. 1984 Nov-Dec;4(6):630-5. doi: 10.1161/01.atv.4.6.630.
Because many or most lipid-laden foam cells in atheromas and in xanthomas derive from macrophages, it is important to understand how they accumulate lipids and how they can divest themselves of lipids. The mobilization of stored triglycerides from macrophages was studied in cell cultures. Mouse resident peritoneal macrophages and J774 macrophages increased their triglyceride content six- to tenfold during a 24-hour incubation with free fatty acids complexed to albumin. Subsequent incubation in fresh medium containing free fatty acid-poor albumin was accompanied by a fall in cell triglyceride content (50% in 20 hours) and a corresponding increase in medium-free fatty acid. Release of free fatty acid was linear as a function of time, provided fresh medium was added hourly. When medium was not changed, release rates fell off rapidly, probably due to re-uptake of released free fatty acid. Chloroquine did not affect the rate of free fatty acid release. The results suggest that macrophages-foam cells can reduce their triglyceride stores via the action of a nonlysosomal (presumably cytoplasmic) neutral triglyceride lipase.
由于动脉粥样硬化斑块和黄色瘤中许多或大多数充满脂质的泡沫细胞来源于巨噬细胞，因此了解它们如何积累脂质以及如何去除脂质非常重要。在细胞培养中研究了巨噬细胞中储存的甘油三酯的动员情况。小鼠常驻腹膜巨噬细胞和J774巨噬细胞在与与白蛋白结合的游离脂肪酸孵育24小时期间，其甘油三酯含量增加了6至10倍。随后在含有低游离脂肪酸白蛋白的新鲜培养基中孵育，细胞甘油三酯含量下降（20小时内下降50%），培养基中游离脂肪酸相应增加。游离脂肪酸的释放呈时间线性函数，前提是每小时添加新鲜培养基。当培养基不更换时，释放速率迅速下降，可能是由于释放的游离脂肪酸被重新摄取。氯喹不影响游离脂肪酸的释放速率。结果表明，巨噬细胞泡沫细胞可以通过非溶酶体（可能是细胞质）中性甘油三酯脂肪酶的作用来减少其甘油三酯储存。
