Kikuchi R, Sekizawa K, Sasaki H, Hirose Y, Matsumoto N, Takishima T, Hildebrandt J
J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1984 Dec;57(6):1640-7. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1984.57.6.1640.
We examined the effect of acute pulmonary vascular congestion on bronchial reactivity in dogs in a standard challenge protocol. Airway responsiveness to histamine whose concentration was varied in a stepwise incremental fashion was assessed from changes in pulmonary resistance (RL) and dynamic compliance (Cdyn) in 10 anesthetized dogs. Brief acute pulmonary congestion was created by inflating a balloon placed in the left atrium to raise left atrial pressure to 20-30 cmH2O for 1 min. Pulmonary congestion did not change RL in the control condition. However, after histamine inhalation, RL was further increased by pulmonary congestion, making the two effects synergistic. This phenomenon could not be observed with vagi cut. Pulmonary congestion decreased Cdyn in all dogs regardless of histamine concentration, with or without vagotomy. We conclude that pulmonary vascular congestion makes the bronchi hyperreactive through vagal reflexes. The reduction in Cdyn caused by pulmonary congestion appears to stem mainly from the narrowing of peripheral airways by adjacent vascular engorgement.
我们按照标准激发方案研究了急性肺血管充血对犬支气管反应性的影响。通过逐步递增组胺浓度，根据10只麻醉犬的肺阻力（RL）和动态顺应性（Cdyn）变化，评估气道对组胺的反应性。通过向置于左心房的气囊充气，使左心房压力升至20 - 30 cmH₂O并维持1分钟，造成短暂的急性肺充血。在对照条件下，肺充血未改变RL。然而，吸入组胺后，肺充血使RL进一步升高，两种效应具有协同性。切断迷走神经后未观察到这种现象。无论组胺浓度如何，无论是否切断迷走神经，肺充血均使所有犬的Cdyn降低。我们得出结论，肺血管充血通过迷走神经反射使支气管反应性增强。肺充血导致的Cdyn降低似乎主要源于相邻血管充血引起的外周气道狭窄。
