Decramer M, De Troyer A, Kelly S, Zocchi L, Macklem P T
J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1984 Dec;57(6):1682-7. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1984.57.6.1682.
The pressure swings under the costal (Pcos) and crural diaphragms (Pcru) and between the intestinal loops (Pint) were compared with the swings in gastric pressure (Pga) in 13 supine anesthetized dogs. Pcos, Pcru, and Pint were measured with air-filled latex balloons in eight dogs and saline-filled catheters in five. Pga was measured with an air-filled balloon in all dogs. During quiet breathing differences were often present, the directions of which were variable from animal to animal. During mechanical ventilation, all pressures increased, but both Pcos and Pcru increased more than Pga, whereas only a small change was observed in Pint. During bilateral stimulation of the costal diaphragm, Pcos invariably increased more than Pga and Pint, whereas almost no change was observed in Pcru. During bilateral stimulation of the crural diaphragm, Pcru invariably increased more than Pga, Pint, and Pcos. During abdominal muscle stimulation as during external abdominal compression, Pint always increased more than Pcos and Pcru. During lower rib cage compression, Pga, Pcos, and Pcru increased more than Pint. During sternocleidomastoid stimulation, all pressure swings were negative, but the change in Pint was always smaller than in Pcos, Pcru, or Pga. Inhomogeneities observed with balloons and saline-filled catheters were similar. After the abdomen was filled with 2 liters of saline all pressure swings became much more homogeneous.
在13只仰卧麻醉的狗身上，比较了肋下（Pcos）和膈脚（Pcru）下方以及肠袢之间（Pint）的压力波动与胃内压力（Pga）的波动情况。8只狗用充气球囊测量Pcos、Pcru和Pint，5只用充生理盐水的导管测量。所有狗均用充气球囊测量Pga。在安静呼吸时，差异经常存在，且不同动物之间差异方向不一。在机械通气时，所有压力均升高，但Pcos和Pcru升高幅度大于Pga，而Pint仅出现微小变化。双侧刺激肋膈时，Pcos升高幅度始终大于Pga和Pint，而Pcru几乎无变化。双侧刺激膈脚时，Pcru升高幅度始终大于Pga、Pint和Pcos。在腹部肌肉刺激（如外部腹部按压）时，Pint升高幅度始终大于Pcos和Pcru。在下胸廓按压时，Pga、Pcos和Pcru升高幅度大于Pint。在胸锁乳突肌刺激时，所有压力波动均为负值，但Pint的变化始终小于Pcos、Pcru或Pga。用球囊和充生理盐水的导管观察到的不均匀性相似。向腹腔内注入2升生理盐水后，所有压力波动变得更加均匀。
