Wells S C
J Laryngol Otol. 1984 Dec;98(12):1261-6. doi: 10.1017/s0022215100148376.
Approximately 50 per cent of all rhabdomyosarcomas in children occur in the head and neck region with the orbit, nasopharynx and ear in order of descending frequency. Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma is the commonest malignant tumour of the aural region in childhood and its clinical course is usually rapidly fatal, with extensive local disease and or distant metastases (Dehner and Chen, 1978). Other malignant tumours that can occur in children include melanoma and other mesenchymal tumours, including undifferentiated sarcoma, fibrosarcoma, osteogenic sarcomas and Ewing sarcoma. Secondary extension may occur from a meningioma. Osseous disorders of the temporal bone, such as eosinophilic granuloma and Hand-Schüller-Christian disease, should be included as a differential diagnosis (Lewis, 1979).
儿童横纹肌肉瘤约50%发生于头颈部区域，依次为眼眶、鼻咽部和耳部，频率递减。胚胎型横纹肌肉瘤是儿童耳部最常见的恶性肿瘤，其临床病程通常进展迅速，预后不良，伴有广泛的局部病变和/或远处转移（德内尔和陈，1978年）。儿童可能发生的其他恶性肿瘤包括黑色素瘤和其他间叶组织肿瘤，如未分化肉瘤、纤维肉瘤、骨肉瘤和尤因肉瘤。继发性扩展可能源于脑膜瘤。颞骨的骨质疾病，如嗜酸性肉芽肿和汉-许-克病，应作为鉴别诊断（刘易斯，1979年）。
