Berchtold P, Genoni M, Frauchiger B, Nager F
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1984 Dec 1;114(48):1737-40.
In a retrospective study over the years 1978-1982, 729 cases of acute pulmonary embolism were analyzed in relation to history, clinical signs and laboratory findings and the results compared with the findings of the urokinase pulmonary embolism trial. As far as history and clinical symptoms were concerned, breathlessness, chest pain, tachypnea, tachycardia and cyanosis were the dominating features. Among laboratory tests, the radiological and electrocardiographic findings of pulmonary hypertension were of little value. In contrast, arterial hypoxemia and isotope scanning provided the most reliable diagnostic information. The most frequent problem in differential diagnosis was acute myocardial infarction.
在一项针对1978年至1982年期间的回顾性研究中,对729例急性肺栓塞病例进行了病史、临床体征及实验室检查结果分析,并将结果与尿激酶治疗肺栓塞试验的结果进行了比较。就病史和临床症状而言,呼吸困难、胸痛、呼吸急促、心动过速及发绀是主要特征。在实验室检查中,肺动脉高压的放射学及心电图检查结果价值不大。相比之下,动脉血氧不足及同位素扫描提供了最可靠的诊断信息。鉴别诊断中最常见的问题是急性心肌梗死。