West J R, Hamre K M, Pierce D R
Alcohol. 1984 May-Jun;1(3):213-22. doi: 10.1016/0741-8329(84)90101-0.
The effect of alcohol on body and brain growth of the neonatal rat was examined. An artificial rearing procedure was used to administer a milk formula containing 2.8% alcohol to rat pups during days 4-10 postpartum. Mean blood alcohol levels taken at hourly intervals between feelings at the end of the second day of exposure ranged between 151 and 163 mg/dl. Body growth in both groups of artificially reared pups was similar to that of the suckle control pups. Gross measurements indicated that while alcohol exposure did not arrest body growth, it did arrest several parameters of brain growth. There were deficits in brain weight and volume and in the brain weight to body weight ratio. Furthermore, there were sex-related differences. The brain weight to body weight ratio was significantly decreased in females and there was also a trend toward a greater deficit in brain volume as well. However, deficits in gross measures were not reflected in the development of the hippocampal formation. Areal measurements of the hippocampus and dentate gyrus failed to indicate any differential effects on the growth of the pyramidal and granule cell layers, or their dendritic fields and corresponding Timm-stained sublaminae, due to the alcohol exposure. These data suggest that the blood alcohol concentrations reached in the present study may be near the threshold dose for producing deficits in brain growth, and that the females have a lower threshold than the males.
研究了酒精对新生大鼠身体和大脑发育的影响。采用人工饲养程序，在产后第4至10天给幼鼠喂食含2.8%酒精的奶粉。在暴露的第二天结束时，每隔一小时测量一次平均血酒精水平，范围在151至163毫克/分升之间。两组人工饲养幼鼠的身体生长与哺乳对照幼鼠相似。总体测量表明，虽然酒精暴露并未阻止身体生长，但确实阻止了大脑生长的几个参数。脑重量、体积以及脑重量与体重之比均存在缺陷。此外，还存在性别差异。雌性的脑重量与体重之比显著降低，并且脑体积的缺陷也有更大的趋势。然而，总体测量的缺陷并未在海马结构的发育中体现出来。对海马体和齿状回的面积测量未能表明酒精暴露对锥体细胞层和颗粒细胞层的生长、它们的树突场以及相应的Timm染色亚层有任何差异影响。这些数据表明，本研究中达到的血酒精浓度可能接近导致大脑生长缺陷的阈值剂量，并且雌性的阈值低于雄性。
