Croft K D, Beilin L J, Vandongen R, Mathews E
Biochim Biophys Acta. 1984 Sep 12;795(2):196-207. doi: 10.1016/0005-2760(84)90066-3.
Dietary supplements with safflower oil, linseed oil, cod liver oil and hydrogenated coconut oil were given to rats at levels of 5, 20 and 40 energy % to simultaneously assess the effects of both type and level of dietary fat on tissue fatty acid composition and prostanoid synthesis. There was no significant change in weight gain or blood pressure between the dietary groups after the 4-week dietary regimen. The liver oil and linseed oil diets depressed the arachidonic acid content of kidney phospholipids at all levels of supplementation. The arachidonic acid content of plasma lipids was significantly elevated in animals on the safflower oil diet at 20 and 40 energy % while those on the same level of liver oil diet showed a marked reduction in arachidonic acid. Whole blood synthesis of thromboxane B2 varied significantly at all levels of fat supplementation, with the 20 energy % safflower oil fed group showing maximally enhanced thromboxane B2 production compared to the coconut oil group (P less than 0.001). Conversely, the liver oil groups showed depressed thromboxane B2 synthesis at 20 and 40 energy % (P less than 0.01) compared to the coconut oil group and at 5 energy % compared to the safflower oil group (P less than 0.05). Production of 6-ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha and prostaglandin E2 by incubated kidney homogenates only differed significantly between the dietary groups at 40 energy %. Urinary excretion of 6-ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha was increased by 45% and 55% in rats fed the safflower oil diet at 20 and 40 energy %, respectively compared to the saturated fat diet, while in the liver oil groups excretion was reduced by 20% and 32%. Dietary suppression of prostanoid synthesis is explained in part by changes in available arachidonic acid and competitive inhibition of cyclooxygenase by (n - 3) fatty acids. Thus, minor changes in dietary fat can readily alter tissue fatty acid composition, but both the extent and nature of changes in phospholipid and prostanoid metabolism vary markedly according to the tissue site.
将含有红花油、亚麻籽油、鱼肝油和氢化椰子油的膳食补充剂以能量的5%、20%和40%的水平喂给大鼠，以同时评估膳食脂肪的类型和水平对组织脂肪酸组成和前列腺素合成的影响。经过4周的饮食方案后，各饮食组之间的体重增加或血压没有显著变化。在所有补充水平下，鱼肝油和亚麻籽油饮食均降低了肾脏磷脂中花生四烯酸的含量。在能量为20%和40%的红花油饮食组中，动物血浆脂质中的花生四烯酸含量显著升高，而在相同水平的鱼肝油饮食组中，花生四烯酸含量显著降低。在所有脂肪补充水平下，全血中血栓素B2的合成均有显著差异，与椰子油组相比，能量为20%的红花油喂养组血栓素B2的产生最大程度增强（P小于0.001）。相反，与椰子油组相比，鱼肝油组在能量为20%和40%时血栓素B2的合成降低（P小于0.01），与红花油组相比，在能量为5%时血栓素B2的合成降低（P小于0.05）。仅在能量为40%时，各饮食组之间经孵育的肾脏匀浆产生的6-酮前列腺素F1α和前列腺素E2才有显著差异。与饱和脂肪饮食相比，能量为20%和40%的红花油饮食组大鼠尿中6-酮前列腺素F1α的排泄量分别增加了45%和55%，而在鱼肝油组中，排泄量分别减少了20%和32%。膳食对前列腺素合成的抑制部分是由可用花生四烯酸的变化以及（n-3）脂肪酸对环氧化酶的竞争性抑制来解释的。因此，膳食脂肪的微小变化很容易改变组织脂肪酸组成，但磷脂和前列腺素代谢变化的程度和性质根据组织部位的不同而有显著差异。
