液体和电解质紊乱。钙。

Br J Hosp Med. 1984 Aug;32(2):71-2, 75-6.

Parathyroid hormone, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, and calcitonin are the three primary calcium-regulating hormones. Physiological changes in these occur throughout normal life but it is when levels remain excessively high or low, or when their target organs are diseased, that hypocalcaemia or hypercalcaemia may develop.

甲状旁腺激素、1,25-二羟维生素D和降钙素是三种主要的钙调节激素。这些激素在正常生命过程中会发生生理变化，但只有当它们的水平持续过高或过低，或者其靶器官患病时，才可能会出现低钙血症或高钙血症。