Broughton W L, Zimmerman L E
Am J Ophthalmol. 1978 Mar;85(3):407-18. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9394(14)77739-6.
A clinicopathologic and follow-up study of 56 intraocular medulloepitheliomas in the Registry of Ophthalmic Pathology revealed a mean age of five years at the time of definitive diagnosis, most patients having had a delay in surgical therapy of more than one year after onset of signs or symptoms. Histologic evidence of malignancy was observed in 37 tumors, and follow-up studies revealed four patients to have died of metastatic disease. Heteroplastic elements (brain tissue, cartilage, or rhabdomyoblasts) were observed in four benign and 17 malignant tumors; these 21 were designated teratoid medulloepitheliomas. The most important prognostic feature was extraocular extension, observed in ten cases. All four of the known tumor deaths were preceded by clinically obvious orbital spread. In four additional cases with orbital involvement the patients were lost to follow-up. We concluded, therefore, that the prognosis is worse than the results of this study would indicate, especially among those cases observed to habe extraocular extension.
眼病理登记处对56例眼内髓上皮瘤进行的临床病理及随访研究显示,确诊时的平均年龄为5岁,大多数患者在出现体征或症状后手术治疗延迟超过1年。在37例肿瘤中观察到恶性组织学证据,随访研究显示4例患者死于转移性疾病。在4例良性和17例恶性肿瘤中观察到异质成分(脑组织、软骨或成横纹肌细胞);这21例被指定为畸胎样髓上皮瘤。最重要的预后特征是眼外扩展,在10例中观察到。已知的4例肿瘤死亡病例均先有临床上明显的眼眶扩散。另外4例眼眶受累患者失访。因此,我们得出结论,预后比本研究结果所显示的更差,尤其是在那些观察到有眼外扩展的病例中。