Pollock D, Sell H
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1978 May;59(5):217-20.
The purpose of this investigation was to determine optimal myoelectric control sites in the C4 level quadriplegic patient. The criteria used for selecting sites as usable by the patient for myoelectric control were as follows: (1) The remaining repertoire of movement could be performed by the subject without producing interfering myoelectric activity at the control site. (2) Adequate myoelectric output could be produced from the underlying musculature. (3) Electrical silence at rest could be demonstrated at the site. Eight muscle groups of the head, neck and scapula were studied on six high-level quadriplegic patients using surface electromyography. The subjects were asked to perform 12 tasks, including active movements of the head and neck, swallowing and speaking. Following this, the subjects performed a series of maximal and submaximal voluntary contractions. Using the above criteria, sites feasible for functional myoelectric control were found over portions of the frontalis, upper and middle trapezius, and temporalis muscles. Other sites found acceptable for subjects individually were located over areas of the platysma, lower trapezius, and masseter muscles. Thus, myoelectric control sites for the operation of externally powered devices are present in the high-level quadriplegic patient. Sites have been demonstrated from which the user is able to generate adequate myoelectric output for the operation of such devices, but do not limit the remaining movements of the individual.
本研究的目的是确定C4水平四肢瘫痪患者的最佳肌电控制部位。用于选择患者可用于肌电控制的部位的标准如下：（1）受试者能够完成剩余的运动 repertoire，而不会在控制部位产生干扰性肌电活动。（2）深层肌肉组织能够产生足够的肌电输出。（3）该部位在静息时可显示电静息。使用表面肌电图对6名高位四肢瘫痪患者的头部、颈部和肩胛骨的8组肌肉进行了研究。受试者被要求执行12项任务，包括头部和颈部的主动运动、吞咽和说话。在此之后，受试者进行了一系列最大和次最大自主收缩。根据上述标准，在前额肌、上斜方肌和中斜方肌以及颞肌的部分区域发现了可用于功能性肌电控制的部位。个别受试者可接受的其他部位位于颈阔肌、下斜方肌和咬肌的区域。因此，高位四肢瘫痪患者存在用于外部供电设备操作的肌电控制部位。已经证明了一些部位，使用者能够从这些部位产生足够的肌电输出以操作此类设备，但不会限制个体的剩余运动。
