Repeat cesarean births. Social and psychological issues.

Up to 30% of the current American cesarean birth rate has been attributed to routine repeat cesareans . Social and psychological issues associated both with repeat cesarean birth and with vaginal birth after a cesarean are reviewed. Current changes in the obstetrical community and among consumers are described; factors that influence the decision-making process in women planning future births are discussed; suggestions are offered to nurses who work with pregnant and laboring women who have had previous cesareans .