Pratt O E, Doshi R
Ciba Found Symp. 1984;105:142-56. doi: 10.1002/9780470720868.ch9.
Fourteen previously reported cases of the fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) showed anomalies of brain structure varying in severity from microscopic disorganization of tissue structure, or abnormalities in neuronal or glial migration only visible microscopically, to complete or partial agenesis of regions such as the corpus callosum or cerebellum and large neuronal heteropias. The difficulty is illustrated of differentiating this type of damage, lacking in specificity and uniformity, from other syndromes of uncertain aetiology, such as De Lange, DiGeorge and Dubowitz, in at least one of which (DiGeorge syndrome) maternal alcoholism has been implicated. Similar brain damage is also seen in other conditions with known causes. In FAS and syndromes with this type of brain damage, most of the non-CNS features which make the conditions clinically recognizable may well be determined by timing or ancillary factors. Alcohol-related antenatal effects should not be identified to restrictively with FAS but should be considered in any condition of unknown aetiology with disorganization of brain structure and mental retardation.
先前报告的14例胎儿酒精综合征（FAS）病例显示出脑结构异常，其严重程度各不相同，从组织结构的微观紊乱，或仅在显微镜下可见的神经元或胶质细胞迁移异常，到胼胝体或小脑等区域的完全或部分发育不全以及大型神经元异位。这说明了将这种缺乏特异性和一致性的损伤类型与其他病因不明的综合征（如德朗热综合征、迪乔治综合征和杜波维茨综合征）区分开来的困难，其中至少有一种综合征（迪乔治综合征）与母亲酗酒有关。在其他已知病因的情况下也可见到类似的脑损伤。在FAS和具有这种脑损伤类型的综合征中，大多数使这些病症在临床上可识别的非中枢神经系统特征很可能由时间或辅助因素决定。与酒精相关的产前影响不应被狭隘地认定为FAS，而应在任何病因不明且伴有脑结构紊乱和智力迟钝的情况下予以考虑。
