Use of TMJ arthrotomography in the diagnosis and treatment of anterior disk dislocation.

Treatment of TMJ pain and dysfunction should primarily be directed at correction of a specific abnormality and the patient's chief complaint. The specific approach to treatment of TMJ abnormalities is based on an accurate diagnosis. Although sound clinical judgment often suggests a tentative diagnosis, the specific diagnosis can often be confirmed radiographically. Fluoroscopic arthrotomography can effectively aid in the diagnosis and treatment needed for effective and efficient TMJ care. It is especially beneficial in the diagnosis and treatment of anterior disk dislocation. The authors conclude that (1) anterior disk dislocation is a common occurrence in TMJ intra-articular disorders; (2) standard radiographs are not diagnostic for ADD; (3) arthrotomography is an effective aid in the diagnosis and treatment of TMJ soft tissue derangements, especially ADD; (4) use of arthrotomography should be based on sound clinical judgment; (5) the causes and significance of and the optimal treatment for ADD are controversial at this time; and (6) knowledge gained from arthrotomography may clarify these controversies.