Fruin J F, Davison M L
J Am Diet Assoc. 1978 Jul;73(1):15-9.
When conducting a study to assess the "gains in ability" or the "shifts in attitudes" of a group of subjects, the researcher must be aware of the presence of measurement error and regression toward the mean and must attempt to minimize and allow for these phenomena. Also of concern are whether the study can be generalized to a larger population and what statistical techniques are appropriate for the conditions of the study and the type of data collected. Educational and psychologic measurement is subject to particular types of error and must be analyzed and interpreted accordingly. The authors discuss and make recommendations regarding these most important considerations.
在开展一项研究以评估一组受试者的“能力提升”或“态度转变”时，研究者必须意识到测量误差和均值回归的存在，并必须努力将这些现象降至最低并加以考虑。同样值得关注的是，该研究能否推广到更大的人群，以及何种统计技术适用于研究条件和所收集的数据类型。教育和心理测量容易出现特定类型的误差，必须相应地进行分析和解释。作者讨论了这些最重要的考量因素并提出了建议。
