Stanley P, Bear J W, Reid B S
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1983 Sep;141(3):473-7. doi: 10.2214/ajr.141.3.473.
Percutaneous nephrostomy drainage was established in 28 children, predominantly for ureteric obstruction. Infection was the most frequent presenting feature (nine patients) followed by renal failure (six) and a combination of the two (four). A sonographically guided antegrade examination was first performed with a 22-gauge needle. Using a posterolateral approach, a 6 or 8.3 French pigtail catheter was placed in the collecting system over a guide wire introduced through an 18 gauge needle. Catheter placement was successful in every patient; in 15 children, no further procedures were required. Complications were uncommon and usually minor.
28名儿童接受了经皮肾造瘘引流术，主要用于治疗输尿管梗阻。感染是最常见的表现特征（9例患者），其次是肾衰竭（6例）以及两者并存（4例）。首先使用22号针进行超声引导下的顺行检查。采用后外侧入路，通过18号针引入导丝，将6或8.3法式猪尾导管置入集合系统。每位患者导管置入均成功；15名儿童无需进一步治疗。并发症不常见，通常较轻微。
