Nekliudova I V, Dabagian N V
Ontogenez. 1983 Jul-Aug;14(4):398-405.
Changes in the ultrastructure of the differentiating retinal cells were studied by means of electron microscopy in Rana temporaria at successive developmental stages. Common features of the onset of differentiation of the retinal cells have been shown: appearance of the granular endoplasmic reticulum elements, of the polysomes, beginning of utilization of the yolk and lipids, elimination of ovarial melanosomes. Later during the differentiation of retinal neurons the protein synthesizing machinery and Golgi complex of these cells develop markedly, the number of mitochondria increases. The differentiation of retina begins from the Müllerian cells (stage 28) which determine the direction of growth of the neuron processes. They are followed by the ganglion cells and photoreceptors (stage 29). The signs of differentiation of the inner nuclear layer neurons become apparent later, in the amacrine and horizontal cells at the same time and in the bipolars later. The main features of neuronal organization of the retina which determine the structural basis of its function of light perception are formed by stage 40.
通过电子显微镜研究了处于连续发育阶段的林蛙视网膜细胞分化过程中的超微结构变化。已揭示视网膜细胞分化开始时的共同特征：出现颗粒内质网成分、多核糖体，开始利用卵黄和脂质，消除卵巢黑素体。在视网膜神经元分化后期，这些细胞的蛋白质合成机制和高尔基体显著发育，线粒体数量增加。视网膜的分化从米勒细胞（第28阶段）开始，米勒细胞决定神经元突起的生长方向。随后是神经节细胞和光感受器（第29阶段）。内核层神经元的分化迹象稍后变得明显，无长突细胞和水平细胞同时出现分化迹象，双极细胞的分化迹象出现得更晚。到第40阶段时，形成了决定视网膜光感知功能结构基础的神经元组织的主要特征。
