Hinman F
J Urol. 1978 May;119(5):681-3. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)57588-6.
Renal cysts usually are asymptomatic, produce no harm to the kidney and require no treatment once diagnosed. However, an occasional expanding cyst causes progressive obstruction to caliceal or pelvic outflow. Herein is reported observations on 4 patients in whom cysts produced significant obstruction to the pelvic or major caliceal outflow. In 3 cases treatment was by decompression, with resolution of the obstruction. Two requirements must be met for a cyst to obstruct: 1) it must lie at or near the hilus and 2) it must have turgor sufficient to overcome the pressure of the intrapelvic urine. In contrast to most renal cysts those producing significant obstruction require operation.
肾囊肿通常无症状，对肾脏无害，一旦确诊无需治疗。然而，偶尔会有囊肿不断增大，导致肾盏或肾盂流出道进行性梗阻。本文报告了4例囊肿导致肾盂或主要肾盏流出道严重梗阻患者的观察情况。其中3例采用减压治疗，梗阻得以解除。囊肿造成梗阻必须满足两个条件：1）囊肿必须位于肾门或其附近；2）囊肿必须有足够的张力以克服肾盂内尿液的压力。与大多数肾囊肿不同，那些造成严重梗阻的囊肿需要手术治疗。
