Abdel-Rheem M S
Am J Surg. 1983 Nov;146(5):647-51. doi: 10.1016/0002-9610(83)90304-5.
Primary hydrocele occurs due to a great reduction in protein outflow from the tunica vaginalis cavity and is not due to obstruction of fluid outflow because fluid continues to flow at a nearly normal rate. Fluid collects because of the increased osmotic pressure due to retained proteins and cholesterol. In other words, the fluid is captured from within the sac. Increased capillary permeability is secondary to the increased amount of hydrocele fluid. In idiopathic hydrocele, the hinderance of protein is due to the obstruction of the pores in the intercellular cement substance of the seroendothelial membrane. In acquired hydrocele, the hinderance of protein is due to lymphatic obstruction. The same mechanism may be applied to the occurrence of ascites in advanced liver cirrhosis. If we are able to recognize the substance that occludes the intercellular pores and dissolve it so the occluded pores are reopened, thus allowing the passage of hindered proteins, operation can be avoided and the problem of ascites can be solved.
原发性鞘膜积液是由于鞘膜腔蛋白质流出大幅减少所致,而非液体流出受阻,因为液体仍以近乎正常的速率流动。由于蛋白质和胆固醇潴留导致渗透压升高,液体得以积聚。换句话说,液体是从囊内聚集的。毛细血管通透性增加是鞘膜积液量增加的继发结果。在特发性鞘膜积液中,蛋白质受阻是由于浆膜内皮细胞膜细胞间胶状物质中孔隙的阻塞。在后天性鞘膜积液中,蛋白质受阻是由于淋巴管阻塞。同样的机制可能适用于晚期肝硬化腹水的发生。如果我们能够识别阻塞细胞间孔隙的物质并将其溶解,使被阻塞的孔隙重新开放,从而使受阻蛋白质得以通过,就可以避免手术,解决腹水问题。