Parush A, Ostry D J, Munhall K G
J Acoust Soc Am. 1983 Oct;74(4):1115-25. doi: 10.1121/1.390035.
Intra-articulator anticipatory and carryover coarticulation were assessed in both temporal and spatial terms. Three subjects produced VCV sequences with velar stop consonants and back vowels. Pulsed ultrasound was used to examine the vertical displacement, duration, and maximum velocity of the tongue dorsum raising (VC transition) and lowering (CV transition) gestures. Anticipatory coarticulation was primarily temporal for two subjects, with decreases in the duration of the VC transition accompanying increases in displacement for the CV transition. Carryover coarticulation was primarily spatial for all three subjects, with decreases in CV displacement and maximum velocity accompanying increases in VC displacement. It is suggested that these intra-articulator patterns can be accounted for in terms of an interaction between the raising gesture and a vowel-specific onset time of the lowering gesture towards the vowel. The implications of this kinematic characterization are discussed.
从时间和空间两个方面评估了关节内的预期协同发音和延续协同发音。三名受试者发出了带有软腭塞音和后元音的VCV序列。使用脉冲超声检查舌背抬高（VC转换）和降低（CV转换）手势的垂直位移、持续时间和最大速度。对于两名受试者，预期协同发音主要是时间性的，随着CV转换位移的增加，VC转换的持续时间减少。对于所有三名受试者，延续协同发音主要是空间性的，随着VC位移的增加，CV位移和最大速度减少。研究表明，这些关节内模式可以通过抬高手势与朝向元音的降低手势的特定元音起始时间之间的相互作用来解释。讨论了这种运动学特征的意义。
