Kraĭtor S N, Kuznetsova T V, Lunina N A, Popov V I, Ivanov V N
Med Radiol (Mosk). 1983 Nov;28(11):68-71.
The spectrum of energy linear transmission (ELT) and a coefficient of neutron quality were measured in the air in the clinical use of sources by means of a set of low efficacy Geiger counters to find a solution to a problem of the standardization of working conditions for persons dealing with 252Cf sources. The ELT mean values LN = 27 +/- 3 keV/micron and LD = 51 +/- 5 KeV/micron and a coefficient of quality Q = 8.9 +/- 1.0 were obtained in measurements with sources in the air. Values obtained in measurements on a patient receiving interstitial therapy with the use of 252Cf were as follows: 33 +/- 5; 57 +/- 8 keV/micron and 9.3 +/- 1.3 respectively. The value Q-7 is recommended for the evaluation of an equivalent dose of mixed 252Cf gamma-neutron radiation. Using 237Np track detectors for various distances and azimuthal angles which are of the main interest to the therapeutic use of 252Cf neutron sources, spatial distribution of the specific standard rate of neutrons was measured in the air (in geometry without scattering) and in the water phantom (in geometry with maximum scattering and accumulation). The results obtained made it possible to deduce regularities of neutron field formation in the vicinity of a single source and to evaluate the reliability of data obtained with calculation methods. They can be used for the planning of application, interstitial and intracavitary tumor therapy, for a neutron activation analysis and radiography.
通过一组低效率盖革计数器，在临床使用源的过程中测量了空气中的能量线性传输（ELT）谱和中子品质系数，以解决处理252Cf源的人员工作条件标准化问题。在空气中使用源进行测量时，获得了ELT平均值LN = 27 +/- 3 keV/微米和LD = 51 +/- 5 keV/微米以及品质系数Q = 8.9 +/- 1.0。在对接受252Cf间质治疗的患者进行测量时获得的值分别如下：33 +/- 5；57 +/- 8 keV/微米和9.3 +/- 1.3。推荐使用值Q - 7来评估混合的252Cf伽马 - 中子辐射的等效剂量。使用237Np径迹探测器，针对252Cf中子源治疗应用中主要关注的各种距离和方位角，测量了空气中（无散射几何条件下）和水体模中（最大散射和积累几何条件下）中子比标准率的空间分布。所获得的结果使得能够推断单个源附近中子场形成的规律，并评估通过计算方法获得的数据的可靠性。它们可用于规划应用、间质和腔内肿瘤治疗、中子活化分析和射线照相。
