Mughal T I
Oncology. 1983;40(6):392-4. doi: 10.1159/000225771.
Nausea and vomiting may be the most distressing part of cytotoxic chemotherapy for malignant disease and frequently leads to default from treatment. Furthermore, in some patients, anxiety associated with chemotherapy precipitates anticipatory vomiting. 24 patients with refractory vomiting associated with chemotherapy were selected from a homogeneous group of malignancies. 25% of these also had anticipatory vomiting. Lorazepam, a benzodiazepine, in a dose of 3 mg/m2, was given by mouth in conjunction with a standard centrally acting antiemetic 30 min before chemotherapy. Vomiting was totally abolished in 70% of patients; in only 4% two vomiting episodes occurred. In addition, 17% of patients had complete amnesia of the events of chemotherapy. This pilot study suggests that lorazepam in conjunction with standard antiemetic therapy may be an effective means of controlling refractory nausea and vomiting.
恶心和呕吐可能是恶性疾病细胞毒性化疗中最令人痛苦的部分，并且常常导致治疗中断。此外，在一些患者中，与化疗相关的焦虑会引发预期性呕吐。从一组同质性恶性肿瘤患者中选取了24例化疗相关难治性呕吐患者。其中25%的患者还伴有预期性呕吐。在化疗前30分钟，给予苯二氮䓬类药物劳拉西泮，剂量为3mg/m²，口服，同时联合使用标准的中枢性止吐药。70%的患者呕吐完全消失；只有4%的患者发生了两次呕吐发作。此外，17%的患者对化疗过程完全失忆。这项初步研究表明，劳拉西泮联合标准止吐疗法可能是控制难治性恶心和呕吐的有效方法。
