Stastná J, Dvorák M, Pilka L
Z Mikrosk Anat Forsch. 1983;97(4):675-87.
Important changes take place in the cortical cytoplasm of human oocytes in connection with their maturation. Contacts between granulosa cell processes and the oocyte are interrupted, the perivitelline space develops, invaded by oocyte long microvilli. Fine flocculent material is deposited in the perivitelline space. As for oocyte cell organelles, changes occur especially in the granular endoplasmic reticulum which, formerly creating a network of cisternae studded with a low number of ribosomes, eventually becomes disintegrated, splitting into individual smooth vesicles scattered together with mitochondria throughout the cytoplasm. The number of Golgi structures drops substantially. Cortical granules mature and become organized into a single layer beneath the cell membrane. Acid mucopolysaccharides, glycoproteins and proteins were demonstrated in their contents. In addition to the above cortical granules, morphologically distinct secretory vesicles are present in the cortical cytoplasm of human preovulatory oocytes. Their number increases markedly during the resumption of meiosis when they release their contents into the perivitelline space. Like the extracellular flocculent material deposited in the perivitelline space, also the secretory vesicles contain glycoproteins and proteins. The extrusion of this glycoprotein material into the perivitelline space coincides temporally with the loosening of microvilli, previously embedded in the zona pellucida material, and with the interruption of oocyte-follicular cells contacts.
人类卵母细胞在成熟过程中，其皮质细胞质会发生重要变化。颗粒细胞突起与卵母细胞之间的接触中断，卵周隙形成，卵母细胞的长微绒毛侵入其中。精细的絮状物质沉积在卵周隙中。至于卵母细胞的细胞器，特别是颗粒内质网会发生变化，它原本形成一个由含有少量核糖体的扁平囊泡组成的网络，最终解体，分裂成单个光滑囊泡，与线粒体一起散布在整个细胞质中。高尔基体结构的数量大幅下降。皮质颗粒成熟并在细胞膜下组织成单层。在其内容物中发现了酸性粘多糖、糖蛋白和蛋白质。除了上述皮质颗粒外，人类排卵前卵母细胞的皮质细胞质中还存在形态上不同的分泌囊泡。在减数分裂恢复期间，它们的数量显著增加，并将其内容物释放到卵周隙中。与沉积在卵周隙中的细胞外絮状物质一样，分泌囊泡也含有糖蛋白和蛋白质。这种糖蛋白物质向卵周隙的挤出在时间上与先前嵌入透明带物质中的微绒毛的松弛以及卵母细胞 - 卵泡细胞接触的中断相吻合。
