Kolmos H J, Møller S
Acta Med Scand. 1978;203(5):345-9. doi: 10.1111/j.0954-6820.1978.tb14887.x.
Febrile reactions were studied in 2 000 consecutive haemodialyses performed in 85 patients. A number of 219 febrile reactions were registered in 49 patients (11%). The overall month-to-month incidence showed little variation. Febrile reactions were not distributed randomly among the patients; those with respiratory tract infection experienced more febrile reactions during periods with infection than during periods without. Similarly, the incidence was higher in patients with than without chronic urinary tract infection. A low incidence was registered both in patients under 40 years of age and in patients having had more than 100 dialyses at the beginning of the observation period. The frequency was the same whether single-pass or recirculating single-pass monitors had been used, and it was not influenced by blood transfusions during dialysis. Thus, our analysis leads to the conclusion that the majority of the febrile reactions registered among the present patients were determined by endogenous factors such as infection, while exogenous factors such as dialysate bacteria and pyrogens seem to have played only a minor role.
对85例患者连续进行的2000次血液透析中的发热反应进行了研究。49例患者（11%）出现了219次发热反应。总体逐月发病率变化不大。发热反应在患者中并非随机分布；呼吸道感染患者在感染期比非感染期经历更多发热反应。同样，有慢性尿路感染的患者发病率高于无慢性尿路感染的患者。40岁以下患者以及在观察期开始时透析次数超过100次的患者发病率较低。无论使用单通道还是再循环单通道监测器，频率相同，且不受透析期间输血的影响。因此，我们的分析得出结论，本研究中登记的大多数发热反应是由感染等内源性因素决定的，而透析液细菌和热原等外源性因素似乎只起了次要作用。
