Sillito A M, Kemp J A
Brain Res. 1983 Dec 19;289(1-2):143-55. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(83)90015-x.
The cortex receives a cholinergic input which is considered to be involved in mediating the effects of arousal. The experiments reported here have examined the nature of the cholinergic influence on the neuronal organization of the cat visual cortex. Out of 83 cells studied, 92% exhibited a modification in their visual response properties during the iontophoretic application of ACh. These comprised 61% in which responses were facilitated and 31% in which responses were depressed. The facilitatory effects were associated with a striking increase in stimulus specific responses without any concomitant loss in the selectivity. This comment applied equally to orientation and direction selectivity. It is argued that the facilitatory action of ACh on stimulus specific responses is consistent with a modulation of potassium conductance and most probably the conductance associated with a voltage dependent channel. We found no evidence to support the view that the facilitatory action involved disinhibition; the action of bicuculline, which blocks inhibitory influences in the visual cortex, was quite distinct to that of ACh. The facilitatory and depressive effects of ACh did not show any correlation with the simple-complex classification of cells or any other obvious parameter of receptive field organization, but there was a correlation with cortical lamination. Cells facilitated by ACh were found in all cortical laminae, but those depressed by ACh were found in laminae III and IV.
大脑皮层接受胆碱能输入，这被认为参与介导觉醒的影响。本文报道的实验研究了胆碱能对猫视觉皮层神经元组织的影响性质。在所研究的83个细胞中，92%在离子电泳施加乙酰胆碱（ACh）期间其视觉反应特性发生了改变。其中61%的细胞反应增强，31%的细胞反应受到抑制。促进作用与刺激特异性反应的显著增加相关，而选择性没有任何相应损失。这一情况同样适用于方向和方向选择性。有人认为，ACh对刺激特异性反应的促进作用与钾电导的调节一致，很可能与电压依赖性通道相关的电导调节一致。我们没有发现证据支持促进作用涉及去抑制的观点；荷包牡丹碱阻断视觉皮层抑制性影响的作用与ACh的作用截然不同。ACh的促进和抑制作用与细胞的简单 - 复杂分类或感受野组织的任何其他明显参数均无相关性，但与皮层分层有关。在所有皮层层中都发现了受ACh促进的细胞，但受ACh抑制的细胞位于第III和第IV层。
