Wilson J T
Vision Res. 1983;23(12):1699-709. doi: 10.1016/0042-6989(83)90186-4.
The visual responses to stimulus onset and offset can be isolated psychophysically from the response to steady-state stimulation. Six experiments investigated the perception of onset and offset of dot bigrams within random-dot patterns. Onset and offset persistence were studied at two levels of stimulus luminance (8 and 45ft-L). Similar performance was obtained for targets defined by onset and offset; the lower luminance produced a decrement in response at offset. Onset and offset perceptibility were studied at six stimulus durations between 20 and 1260 msec. Effects of stimulus duration were distinguished from masking effects due to pattern offset. Decreasing stimulus duration had little or no effect on recognition of bigrams defined by onset but produced a large decrement in the perceptibility of bigrams defined by offset. A brief stimulus therefore seems to give a relatively strong on-response and a weak off-response. These psychophysical results are consistent with electrophysiological findings concerning on- and off-responses and contrast with the idea that persistence consists of a decaying trace of the steady-state properties of the stimulus.
对刺激开始和结束的视觉反应可以通过心理物理学方法从对稳态刺激的反应中分离出来。六个实验研究了随机点图案中双点刺激开始和结束的感知。在两种刺激亮度水平（8和45英尺朗伯）下研究了开始和结束的持续性。由开始和结束定义的目标获得了相似的表现；较低的亮度在结束时导致反应下降。在20到1260毫秒之间的六个刺激持续时间下研究了开始和结束的可感知性。刺激持续时间的影响与图案结束引起的掩蔽效应区分开来。缩短刺激持续时间对由开始定义的双点识别几乎没有影响，但由结束定义的双点可感知性大幅下降。因此，短暂的刺激似乎会产生相对强烈的开始反应和微弱的结束反应。这些心理物理学结果与关于开始和结束反应的电生理学发现一致，并且与持续性由刺激稳态特性的衰减痕迹组成的观点形成对比。
