Lapierre J, Keita A, Faurant C, Heyer F, Tourte-Schaefer C, Ancelle T, Dupouy-Camet J
Bull Soc Pathol Exot Filiales. 1983 Nov;76(5):526-33.
The authors study the results of a treatment of 700 cases of bilharziasis seen in Paris and in two foci in Togo, by oxamniquine, oltipraz or praziquantel. The three drugs are well tolerated; only a few mild side-effects were reported such as discomfort, nausea, headaches (two cases of acrodynia with oltipraz ). The three drugs are very efficacious in the case of schistosomiasis mansoni (85,5% success rate with oxamniquine, 92,9% with praziquantel, from 76,5 to 92% with oltipraz depending on the different strains) at day 180. As far as schistosomiasis haematobium is concerned, oltipraz and praziquantel have a 87,5% success rate with oltipraz and 80% with praziquantel; however, in the case of oltipraz , it is necessary to increase the dose. The action of praziquantel seems to be slower on Schistosoma haematobium than on S. mansoni. By the study of the evolution of antibodies, the fast action of praziquantel was noticed, explaining the peak of serological titers and of eosinophilia as early as day 10 after treatment; in the case of oltipraz , the apparition of this peak is only recorded at the 30th day. The slower effect of oltipraz on worms implicates not to judge its efficacy by too early controls.
作者研究了在巴黎以及多哥的两个疫源地，使用奥沙尼喹、奥替普拉或吡喹酮治疗700例血吸虫病患者的结果。这三种药物耐受性良好；仅报告了少数轻微副作用，如不适、恶心、头痛（使用奥替普拉时有两例肢痛症）。这三种药物对曼氏血吸虫病非常有效（奥沙尼喹的成功率为85.5%，吡喹酮为92.9%，奥替普拉根据不同菌株在76.5%至92%之间），在第180天时。就埃及血吸虫病而言，奥替普拉和吡喹酮的成功率分别为87.5%和80%；然而，使用奥替普拉时，有必要增加剂量。吡喹酮对埃及血吸虫的作用似乎比对曼氏血吸虫的作用慢。通过研究抗体的演变，发现吡喹酮作用迅速，这解释了治疗后第10天血清学滴度和嗜酸性粒细胞增多的峰值；而使用奥替普拉时，这个峰值仅在第30天出现。奥替普拉对蠕虫的作用较慢意味着不能过早进行对照来判断其疗效。
