Abbrecht P H, Rajagopal K R, Bryant H J
Ann Biomed Eng. 1983;11(5):417-33. doi: 10.1007/BF02584217.
Inspiratory flow-resistive loading normally causes an additional respiratory drive that limits the resistance-induced decrease in minute ventilation (load compensation). Occlusion pressures (P100) were measured during CO2 rebreathing with and without added inspiratory loads in normal persons and persons with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). At each point obtained during loaded breathing, the additional drive due to resistive loading was determined by subtracting CO2-dependent drive (estimated from the nonloaded run) from total drive. In normal subjects, the additional drive correlated with each of four different estimates of load magnitude. In OSA subjects, there was no significant increase in drive due to loading and ventilation decreased markedly during loading. The relationships among ventilation rate, load, and drive, with and without load compensation, were analyzed using a 4-quadrant feedback control diagram. The diagram enables the prediction of ventilation rate for any end-tidal CO2 in the loaded and nonloaded cases, and the flow decrement that will occur as a result of added inspiratory resistance.
吸气性气流阻力负荷通常会引起额外的呼吸驱动力，该驱动力可限制阻力引起的分钟通气量下降（负荷补偿）。在正常人和阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）患者中，在有和没有额外吸气负荷的情况下进行二氧化碳再呼吸时测量了阻塞压力（P100）。在负荷呼吸期间获得的每个点，通过从总驱动力中减去二氧化碳依赖性驱动力（根据无负荷运行估计）来确定由阻力负荷引起的额外驱动力。在正常受试者中，额外驱动力与负荷大小的四种不同估计值中的每一种均相关。在OSA受试者中，负荷引起的驱动力没有显著增加，并且负荷期间通气量明显下降。使用四象限反馈控制图分析了有和没有负荷补偿时通气率、负荷和驱动力之间的关系。该图能够预测负荷和无负荷情况下任何呼气末二氧化碳时的通气率，以及由于增加吸气阻力而将发生的流量减少。
