Buccafusco J J
Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1983 Feb;18(2):209-15. doi: 10.1016/0091-3057(83)90365-9.
Arterial blood pressure and heart rate were measured in unrestrained rats as an index of the autonomic component of the morphine withdrawal syndrome. Physical dependence was produced by a constant infusion of morphine at increasing doses over 7 days. Signs of physical dependence observed during abrupt withdrawal included classical behavioral symptoms such as withdrawal body shakes (WBS) and increased autonomic responsiveness which was indicated by a sustained increase in mean arterial pressure (MAP) up to 23 mmHg. Injection of naloxone in morphine dependent rats also evoked a dose-related increase in MAP to about 40 mmHg. The antiwithdrawal effects of clonidine were tested in this model by pretreating dependent rats with this agent (6-60 micrograms/kg). Clonidine inhibited the pressor response produced by naloxone by 23-60%. These findings indicate that the increase in MAP during opiate withdrawal provides an objective and quantitative index of the intensity of the narcotic withdrawal syndrome in dependent rats.
在未受限制的大鼠中测量动脉血压和心率，以此作为吗啡戒断综合征自主神经成分的指标。通过在7天内持续输注递增剂量的吗啡来产生身体依赖性。突然戒断期间观察到的身体依赖性迹象包括经典的行为症状，如戒断身体抖动（WBS）和自主反应性增加，这表现为平均动脉压（MAP）持续升高高达23 mmHg。给吗啡依赖的大鼠注射纳洛酮也会引起MAP剂量相关的升高，最高可达约40 mmHg。通过用可乐定（6 - 60微克/千克）预处理依赖大鼠，在该模型中测试了可乐定的抗戒断作用。可乐定可使纳洛酮产生的升压反应抑制23% - 60%。这些发现表明，阿片类药物戒断期间MAP的升高为依赖大鼠中麻醉剂戒断综合征的强度提供了一个客观且定量的指标。
