First luteal tissue in ewe lambs: influence on subsequent ovarian activity and response to hysterectomy.

Two experiments were conducted in peripuberal ewe lambs to determine (a) the influence of the first luteal structure [most frequently a transient (i.e., 1 to 4 d) structure] on subsequent ovarian activity and (b) a role for the uterus in its demise. In Exp. 1, 21 lambs were assigned randomly on the day of the first rise in progesterone in the plasma to (1) sham-operation, (2) removal of the nonluteal ovary, (3) removal of the luteal ovary and (4) removal of the luteal ovary plus progesterone replacement (5 mg given three times 12 h apart, initiated at surgery). No effect of treatment on subsequent ovarian activity was observed. In Exp. 2, four of 14 lambs were assigned randomly to be hysterectomized before their first rise in progesterone. The remaining 10 lambs, (five each) were sham-operated or hysterectomized on the day of the first rise in progesterone. All hysterectomized lambs (N = 9) exhibited a rise in progesterone and maintained elevated concentrations of progesterone, whereas sham-operated lambs initiated estrous cycles. Oviducts and uteri collected from lambs hysterectomized on the day of the first rise in progesterone in Exp. 2 were flushed for presence of oocytes and none were found. Similarly, no retained oocytes were found in histological preparations of first luteal structures obtained from eight lambs ovariectomized in Exp. 1. Concentrations of luteinizing hormone (LH) and prolactin were determined in daily samples collected from 19 lambs in Exp. 1. Luteinizing hormone increased and became more variable as lambs matured, whereas prolactin decreased with no detectable change in variability. It is concluded that the transient luteal structure is not required for sexual maturation and that its lifespan is uterine dependent.